The mosquito MK4 anti-loitering device. Precise alignment in millimetres would be needed to steer an ultrasonic “beam” to hit someone from across a room. New York: Meredith, Braithwaite, D. (2006). Stating that the device had been deployed by the U.S military for use within Iraq, in order to deceive the enemy by creating the sound ‘fake’ troops. Retrieved from http:// mentalhealthdaily.com/2014/04/10/beta-brain-waves-12-hz-to-40-hz/, Mercola. Perhaps infrasonic sound provides the right range of sound for the circumstance of shared earth. Although not deliberate, this could lead to cavitation damage. (n.d.). Upon initiation, the first shock wave was reflected back from the openend of the chamber and initiated the second explosion. Jeffrey L. Fannin, Ph.D, discusses: “Anxiety — Too much beta activity may cause you to feel afraid or have thoughts of fear towards things that you are usually calm. Some people are more sensitive than others, and although skin reflects 99.9% of ultrasonic sound waves, our ears are much more susceptible to the energy carried by those waves. Sonic weapons fall into two categories: those that involve audible frequencies, and those that are either ultrasonic or infrasonic and so are inaudible. However, what these to techniques did not allow for was the development ultrasound, resulting in the audio being highly directional. When on high power, the effects are like a “punch in the guts”, ranging from nausea to involuntary evacuation of the bowels. Ultrasonic, Infrasonic, Sound Signal Detection, Locating & Triangulation Device-Types. As adjectives the difference between infrasonic and supersonic is that infrasonic is (of sound waves|acoustics) having frequencies below the human audible range while supersonic is (of a speed) greater than the speed of sound (in the same medium, and at the same temperature and pressure). Department of Composition and Musicology University of Arts, University of Arts George Enescu, 1790–5095, 104–105, Compound Security. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3564184/, Caterina Filimon, R. (n.d.). Frequencies are more than 20000 Hz. (2004). The main lobe of the sound intensity pattern had a 65 degree angle of opening, and at 60 meters’ distance on the axis a pressure of 1000 microbars had been measured. The effect of emotional and psychological change as a result of infrasonic exposure can later be found during the second Indochina war. Above about 18 hertz sound waves appear to have tonality; below this frequency the individual compression waves may be distinguished. A. An ultrasonic loudspeaker designed to operate on a subject who is two metres away would be thousands of times more powerful at two centimetres. & Meyer, D. J. A single ultrasonic emitter (loudspeaker) would struggle to generate enough power to affect someone halfway across a typical room. Vision would be affected, and low- level exposures would cause point sources of light to appear as lines.”. Founded by Grammy-nominated mastering engineer Pete Lyman, Infrasonic’s team of engineers include Dave Gardner, Daniel Bacigalupi, and Piper Payne. (2015). And that’s where Wandering Soul comes in. Retrieved from https:// borderlandsciences.org/journal/vol/46/n03–4/ Walonick_Effects_6–10hz_ELF_on_Brain_Waves.html, (This article is part of the paper ‘The psychoacoustic effect of infrasonic, sonic and ultrasonic frequencies within non-lethal military warfare techniques’ by Ryan Littlefield, copywrite of The University of Portsmouth), https://archive.org/stream/DTIC_ADA030476/, http://waubrafoundation.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3564184/, www.compoundsecurity.co.uk/security-equipment-mosquito-mk4-anti-loitering-device, http://schizophonia.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/Alex_Davies_Acoustic_Trauma.pdf, http://www.eastcoastrip.org/did-you-know/, www.freeinfosociety.com/electronics/schematics/weaponry/painfieldgenerator.pdf, http://www.each.usp.br/rvicente/HauntProject.pdf, http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378595507000329, http://articles.mercola.com/sites/articles/archive/2015/07/02/social-anxiety-disorder.aspx, https://www.ted.com/talks/woody_norris_invents_amazing_things?language=en, http://www.ronpellegrinoselectronicartsproductions.org/Pages/, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21173483, www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378595510003126, http://www.csmonitor.com/Commentary/Opinion/, www.freerepublic.com/focus/news/1420380/posts, http://www.iwar.org.uk/psyops/resources/us/jp3_53.pdf, https://borderlandsciences.org/journal/vol/52/n04/, Three’s a crowd: New Trickbot, Emotet & Ryuk Ransomware, Network Science & Threat Intelligence with Python: Network Analysis of Threat Actors/Malware…, The deadliest bridge disaster in US history was caused by a tiny crack just three millimeters deep, What every Salesforce developer should know about Dates and Times in Apex, Discover the New World of Profile Management, Biggest, Youngest Black Hole Ever Shocks Astronomers. The second is that ultrasound can cause “cavitation”. (2001). Retrieved from http:// www.compoundsecurity.co.uk/security-equipment-mosquito-mk4-anti-loitering-device, Cook, P. R. How non-lethal weapons could change warfare. Given the reported symptoms, an audio related cause is likely – and if so, it is probably ultrasonic. Sonic weapons fall into two categories: those that involve audible frequencies, and those that are either ultrasonic or infrasonic and so are inaudible. An international team of voice researchers and cognitive biologists provides new insights into the production of elephant communication. The PsyOps captain threw a switch and a voice reverberated from two loudspeakers attached to the machine- gun mounting. Retrieved from http://www.eastcoastrip.org/did-you-know/ infrasound, E. Simon, L. (1971). (2007). Between 20 Hz to 20000 Hz. . The primary analysis of the study cites that “63 (79.7%) of the participants felt dizzy or odd, 9 (11.4%) experienced sadness, 7 (8.9%) experienced terror” (French, Haque, Bunton- Stasyshyn, & Davis, 2009). The impact of such a high decibel frequency could perhaps be believed to instil a natural instinctive flight mechanism in the brain; it is also document that the effect of the LRAD can cause nausea or dizziness, Amy Teibel writes, when discussing the Israeli use of a similar LRAD device. ), Giordano, J. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Ultrasonic Phaser Pain Field Generator. (Caterina Filimon, n.d). It has the frequency equal to the audible frequency range. Increasing beta brainwaves will not increase the likelihood of you becoming crazy, but they could make you feel more paranoid than usual.”. All objects have a property known as their resonant frequency, this involves the “re- enforcement of vibrations of a receiving system due to a similarity to the frequencies of the source” (Pellegrino & Productions, 1996). Brainwave entrainment (or often referred to as neural entrainment) defines itself as the use of certain frequencies to activate bands of electrical wave resonance within our brain, to induce neurological states within our body. Sonic and ultrasonic weapons (USW) are weapons of various types that use sound to injure, incapacitate, or kill an opponent.Some sonic weapons are currently in limited use or in research and development by military and police forces. Sources: Humans, Animal roars, etc. Retrieved from https://www.ted.com/talks/woody_norris_invents_amazing_things?language=en, Pellegrino, R. & Productions, E. A. In February 2004, the American Technology Corporation secured a $1 million contract to provide U.S forces in Iraq with Long Range Acoustic Devices (LRAD) (Goodman, 2009, p. 21). Frequencies below 50Hz commonly lose their coherence and are perceived to pulse or fluctuate, which is analogous to the strobing beat of a modulated light.”. That’s when we come in and talk to them.” (BBC, 2003). The effect of this allows the brain to detect the phase difference between the two frequencies, rather than the brain responding to each frequency, the effect comprises of the difference between the two. Emotional Reactions to Music: Prevalence and Contributing Factors Lothes, S. (2004). Moreover, he also discussed the use of the device that altered temperature of enemies whilst also stating: “We make a version with this which puts out 155 decibels. Thus, this system is targeted as a youth deterrent. Infrasound, sometimes referred to as low-frequency sound, describes sound waves with a frequency below the lower limit of audibility (generally 20 Hz).Hearing becomes gradually less sensitive as frequency decreases, so for humans to perceive infrasound, the sound pressure must be sufficiently high. Sound. There are two ways ultrasound can harm humans. (2014). . BBC Middle East, Retrieved from http:// news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/middle_east/3042907.stm, Bahaistudies. The U.S militaries 23rd Special Troops, often referred to as the ‘Ghost Army’ were a troop of sound and radio engineers assigned to fabricate the sounds of marching troops, tanks, landing crafts allowing for sonic deception of their enemies (Goodman, 2009, p. 41). Just as TI perps are usually experts at harassing and persecuting TIs, they use those same intentions against us. New Scientist, September Issue. It also goes on to say that “Most people are intensely annoyed by the device and have a compelling wish to be somewhere else.” (New Scientist, 1973). Write an article and join a growing community of more than 119,700 academics and researchers from 3,848 institutions. Ultrasonic Sound. Of course, the amplitude of any resonance vibrations depends significantly on damping, which transforms mechanical energy into thermal energy . Are beta brainwaves the cause of schizophrenia? Despite there bing many references to acoustic weaponry, as early as World War 2, it is in the 1960’s that actual documented research becomes more available. Reed Business Information Norris, W. (2004). Mechanical resonant frequency of the human eye ‘in vivo’”. HEYS, T. (2011). (Eds.) . Please provide the proper credit for this work. The correct measurement would be 20,000 HTRZ. Infrasound is sound that is below the lower limit of human hearing, below 20 Hz, and ultrasound is above the upper limit of human hearing, above 20,000 Hz.Infrasonic Sound has a frequency less than the audible frequency range. The military usage of hypersonic ultrasound is perhaps a technical advancement of the acoustic deception techniques used in World War II by the ‘Ghost Army’ and that of the Urban Funk Campaign in Vietnam both discussed in section 3.2.2. (1996). Hearing Research. . New York: Oxford University Press, Kliempt, P., Ruta, D., Ogston, S., Landeck, A., & Martay, K. (1999). .”. Sitting in the wrong position for too long could then cause hearing damage without the subjects noticing. Cortex. (Walonick, 1990) reports in a experiment that below 8Hz had caused agitation and uneasiness for participants. The use of the LRAD has been seen as a means of crowd control and has been identified in scenarios such as repelling pirates in Somalia and suicide bombers in the middle east (Goodman, 2009). A., Lee, S. C., & Salt, A. N. (2007). Similar to that of light being focused into a laser, hypersonic sound works under a similar principle, with a speaker being focused into a highly directional focused beam of sound. It is also apparent that such frequencies have been used in many varying fields to provide evidence of it’s existence, exterior to military and police usage. Both are useful in active surveillance, particularly when subjects are trying to avoid being overheard. The amplitude (height) of the sound wave governs its volume. However, it is within the creation of new weapons that many issues arise, which perhaps may be a reason there is little evidence for the deployment of NLW. Understanding Your Brainwaves. & Honours, B. It is generated by very small sources. The spectrum beyond human audible range defines itself as ultrasound, this being above 20,000Hz. (1999). Ex-amples of the former are thunder, volca-nic activity, winds, large waterfalls and the impact of ocean waves, whereas examples of the latter are high-powered aircraft and rocket propulsion systems, explosions, sonic booms, bridge vibra- USA: Quantum, Wahbeh, H., Calabrese, C., & Zwickey, H. (2007). Though the exact frequency range that was created is discussed in many aspects of military application, it’s important to draw from research to discover which areas of brainwave entrainment may perhaps effect the human body negatively. It is unlikely to be the result of a deliberate “sonic attack”. Retrieved from http://www.bahaistudies.net/asma/ binaural.pdf, Berlyne, D. E. (1971). The Case of the Mythical Beast. Retrieved from http:// www.spannered.org/features/806/, Stathatos, S. (n.d.). Audible weapons include playing Bruce Springsteen and music from Barney the Dinosaur at very loud volumes to enemy troops or those undergoing interrogation. Infrasonic Sound is an audio & vinyl mastering company with studios in Los Angeles CA, Nashville, TN, and Oakland, CA. Sonic. A brief history of sonic warfare. Anaesthesia. Sources of infrasound in nature include volcanoes, avalanches, earthquakes and meteorites. ‘Hypersonic sound’ can be referred to simply as the focusing of ultrasound. Human Ear cant hear this sound but elephants and whales can hear this. Sound waves with frequencies below 16 Hz are called infrasonic sound. The frequency was from 800 to 1500 impulses per second. It is apparent that the frequency range sitting around 7Hz has been widely discussed as changing a subject emotional state when exposed. It is not unreasonable to state that as technology has progressed within ultrasonic research and as more psychological effects of inaudible sounds are discovered, the perceptual military operations of sonic warfare have widened. Exposure to levels above 80db between 0.5Hz and 10Hz causing these possible vibrational movements within the ear’s functions, are said to cause psychological changes such as fear, sorrow, depression, anxiety, nausea, chest pressure and hallucinations (ECRIP, 2008). New York: Taylor & Francis, Free Information Society. The sonic boom of supersonic aircraft contains significant levels of infrasound. Israel may use sound weapon on settlers. Frequencies are less than 20 Hz. Now you’ve got to understand the Vietnamese way of life to realise the power behind Wandering Soul. It has frequency less than the audible frequency range. The stimulus frequency reverberated by this induces a specific cerebral wave corresponding to characterised states of mind. The psychoacoustic effect of infrasonic, sonic and ultrasonic frequencies within non-lethal military warfare techniques. (1973). There are 3 types sound waves which can be classified as Audible Sound waves, Infrasonic sound waves, and Ultrasonic sound waves. Copyright © 2010–2021, The Conversation US, Inc. (2009). I would imagine that if your brainwaves get high enough in the beta range, you will begin to notice a fear of things that are not normal to freak out over. Sergeant Mark Hadsell of PsyOps states “If you play it for 24 hours, your brain and body functions start to slide, your train of thought slows down and your will is broken. It is these tactics and technologies used within the early years of the military’s application of sound that allow for a greater insight into their usages. However, it is important to understand at this point within this study, that this does not just encompass infrasonic sound but also applies to ultrasonic sound too. Sources:Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory. Sometimes you may experience a continuous ringing in the ears even after the device is turned off” (Free Information Society, no date). Retrieved from http:// www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18780583, Ihde, D. (2015). A comprehensive review of the psychological effects of brainwave entrainment. Instructions and a Patent for a ‘Phasor Pain Field Generator’ can be found, which emits ultrasonic frequencies at 20,000Hz to 25,000Hz as a schematic for a handheld self-defence device, specifying that it’s “intended for Law Enforcement, Personal Or For Qualified Acoustical Research” (Free Information Society, no date) & (De Laro Research, 2014). RE: Do earthquakes produce infrasonic and/or ultrasonic sound before main shocks? It is apparent that given the technical depth that infrasound can be applied to within weaponry, a very in depth analysis of each device would be required. Following this, Gavreau developed a device that emitted infrasonic sine wave frequencies around 7hertz, with military application, (Vassilatos, no date) said to induce painful symptoms effecting his laboratory staff with immediate effect, other results are reported of the likes of the feeling of fear and flight. Acoustic scientists investigating the result of noise pollution on workers determine that every organ within the human body has a resonant frequency and it’s own ‘acoustic properties’, this effect is discussed as a possible means as to why frequency has an effect on the human body (Prashanth & Venugopalachar, 2010). Indeed, infrasonic sound is still bound by the law of physics. The effect of this involves a speaker which emits low level ultrasound at around 100,000 vibrations per second, resulting in the audio creating the sound in the air as it travels, as a pose to regular speakers which make the sound waves on the face of the speaker (Norris, 2004). Retrieved from http:// delarosaresearch.com/uploads/ Ultrasonic_Phaser_Pain_Field_Generator_users_manual.pdf, ECRIP. United Kingdom: CRC Press, Goodman, S. (2010). above 20000Hz are called ultrasonic waves. Infrasound. If a subject moved their head into just the right location, waves from different emitters could combine at the eardrum, causing much higher energies. It can be transitory (the bubble forms and disappears with each frequency cycle) or sustained. (2003) Sesame Street breaks Iraqi POWs. This is a tricky concept to grasp as neither people or dogs can hear the low-frequency sound, but the 'louder' the infrasonic sound, the more vibration it causes. To military usage mild brain injuries driving an automobile with an open window may an... Infrasonic range triggering epileptic seizures flashes at an equivalent rhythm international team of engineers include Gardner. Your brainwaves when needed of molecules as the body many musicians and directors found. 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