There are a few common names that you will encounter as you continue your study of chemistry. Chemical Bonding and Lewis Structures, 10.1 Condensed Structure and Line Structure, 10.3 Nomenclature of Hydrocarbons and Alkyl Halides, 10.6 Nomenclature of Aldehydes, Ketones, Carboxylic Acids, Esters, and Amides, Appendix D: Fundamental Physical Constants. Use every example found in this chapter – including those in the exercises. For example, K2O is called potassium oxide. The common table salt we use on our foods is an ionic sodium compound. Write the formulas of the following compounds: a) chlorine dioxide         b) dinitrogen tetraoxide         c) potassium phosphide, d) silver(I) sulfide         e) aluminum nitride         f) silicon dioxide. Only use numerical prefixes for the first element when the molecule contains more than one of that atom. Naming chemical compounds from the molecular or ionic formula can be intimidating, but if you grab a Periodic Table and follow a few simple rules for naming compounds, you'll be a master at naming compounds in no time at all. For example, copper can be Cu+1 or Cu+2. Spell. Acids are a type of covalent compound that release hydrogen ions when dissolved in water. Match. a) manganese dioxide         b) mercurous chloride (Hg2Cl2)         c) ferric nitrate [Fe(NO3)3], d) titanium tetrachloride         e) cupric bromide (CuBr2), 1. a)  magnesium chloride, MgCl2         b)  iron(II) oxide, FeO         c)  iron(III) oxide, Fe2O3, 2. a)  copper(II) fluoride, CuF2         b)  calcium oxide, CaO         c)  potassium phosphide, K3P, 3. a)  potassium sulfate, K2SO4         b)  ammonium sulfide, (NH4)2S         c)  ammonium phosphate, (NH4)3PO4, 4. a)  lead(IV) sulfate, Pb(SO4)2         b)  sodium triiodide, NaI3         c)  lithium dichromate, Li2Cr2O7, 5. a)  silver sulfite, Ag2SO3         b)  sodium hydrogen carbonate, NaHCO3         c)  iron(III) chlorate, Fe(ClO3)3, 6. a)  not a molecule         b)  a molecule; four atoms total         c)  a molecule; four atoms total. The simplest name, “iron chloride,” will, in this case, be ambiguous, as it does not distinguish between these two compounds. Others you may not recognize, but they are all ionic sodium compounds with some negatively charged ion also present. 3. Below is a chemistry quiz on ionic compounds, names, and formulas, give it a shot and see if you understood all we covered in this topic on Ions. The name and the formula usually begin with the element that is more to the left on the periodic table. Formulas of Covalent Compounds • This will be marked by the subscript "aq," as shown in the examples below. As with ionic compounds, the system for naming covalent compounds enables chemists to write the molecular formula from the name and vice versa. Covalent or molecular compounds form when elements shareelectrons in a covalent bond to form molecules. Naming compounds that contain metals with multiple charges is done much the same way as naming other ionic compounds with one crucial difference: the charge of the metal is included in the compound name using roman numerals. We hope so, as this process is basically akin to learning the alphabet before speaking the English language. Log in Sign up. Remember, they may be either ionic or covalent compounds, so make sure you use the right naming method! Therefore the positive ions must be Fe3+, Cu2+, Ga3+, Cr3+, Ti3+ and Co3+. Covalent compounds, often called "molecular compounds," consist of two non-metals; a non-metal / non-metal pair. For example, sodium chloride melts at 801 °C and boils at 1413 °C. This is called the "criss-cross" or "crossover" method. Find the ratio of positive ions to negative ions that results in a net charge of zero. Ionic compounds are formed of a metal (cation) and a non-metal (anion). The naming of ionic compounds is dependent upon the type of ionic molecule formed from alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or transition metals. 23. As dramatized in the film Erin Brokovich (for which Julia Roberts won an Oscar), Erin and lawyer Edward Masry sued PG&E for contaminating the water near Hinckley in 1993. Knowing both convention remains important. 13. These are usually the transition metals. H2SO4 (aq) = Sulfuric AcidH2SO3 (aq) = Sulfurous Acid. Her investigation eventually linked the illnesses to groundwater contaminated by Cr(VI) used by Pacific Gas & Electric (PG&E) to fight corrosion in a nearby natural gas pipeline. Some examples are given in Table 1. Iron typically exhibits a charge of either 2+ or 3+ (see Figure 2 in Chapter 4.2 Ionic and Molecular Compounds), and the two corresponding compound formulas are FeCl2 and FeCl3. Write the formulas of the following ionic compounds: a) chromium(III) phosphide        b) mercury(II) sulfide         c) manganese(II) phosphate, d) copper(I) oxide         e) chromium(VI) fluoride, a) CrP         b) HgS        c) Mn3(PO4)2         d) Cu2O         e) CrF6. If the compound is a binary acid (comprised of hydrogen and one other nonmetallic element): For example, when the gas HCl (hydrogen chloride) is dissolved in water, the solution is called hydrochloric acid. Binary acids are composed of hydrogen and one other element, while oxyacids contain hydrogen, oxygen, and another element. a)  Pb4+ and SO42−         b)  Na+ and I3−         c)  Li+ and Cr2O72−. Molecular compounds areelectrically neutral. Cross over the charges (oxidation numbers) 3. You can choose binary, polyatomic, and variable charge ionic compounds, as well as molecular compounds. A cationis a positively charged ion 2. left of the metalloid staircase), it is a metal and the compound is "ionic.". Want to know how to name ionic compounds and covalent compounds? September 27, 2020. For example, in sodium chloride, sodium is the cation element and chlorine is the anion element. To name covalent compounds that contain up to three elements. Translating binary acids from formula to name will end up in the format, Translating oxyacids from formula to name involves dropping the word hydrogen completely, replacing the anion’s suffix, and adding acid. Oxyacids are named by changing the ending of the anion to –ic, and adding “acid;” H2CO3 is carbonic acid. Are the ions monatomic or polyatomic? Formulas of Molecular Compounds • a)  iodine trifluoride         b)  xenon trioxide         c)  disulfur decafluoride, a)  perchloric acid         b)  hydroiodic acid, a)  HF(aq)         b)  HNO3(aq)         c)  H2C2O4(aq), a) CsCl         b) BaO         c) K2S         d) BeCl2         e) HBr         f) AlF3. What are the IUPAC names of the following compounds? 4. The proper formula is Fe3(PO4)2, and the compound’s name is iron(II) phosphate. All acids have some similar properties. Log in Sign up. Ionic compounds are solids that typically melt at high temperatures and boil at even higher temperatures. Write the formulas for each compound: a) potassium phosphate         b) copper(II) sulfate         c) calcium chloride, d) titanium dioxide         e) ammonium nitrate, f) sodium bisulfate (the common name for sodium hydrogen sulfate). When naming compounds, you need to understand these different rules, as well as how to spot clues that will help you properly name the compounds. Why are sodium compounds used so much? Chemical Compounds Practice Quiz. Cr(III), an ingredient of many vitamin and nutritional supplements, forms compounds that are not very soluble in water, and it has low toxicity. Figure 3. 7. Chemical Reactions and Equations, 6.1 Writing and Balancing Chemical Equations, Chapter 7. Compounds containing polyatomic ions are named similarly to those containing only monatomic ions, except there is no need to change to an –ide ending, since the suffix is already present in the name of the anion. Ionic bonds occur between two species which are electrostatically attracted towards each other , whereas covalent bonds from through the sharing of electrons between their outer shells . The other fluoride of tin is SnF4, is now named tin(IV) fluoride but is still often referred to as stannic fluoride. The following ionic compounds are found in common household products. Write the formulas for the following compounds: a) phosphorus pentachloride          b) dinitrogen monoxide         c) iodine heptafluoride, d) carbon tetrachloride                   e) disulfur difluoride              f) iodine pentabromide, a) PCl5         b) N2O         c) IF7         d) CCl4      e) S2F2         f) IBr5. View Lab Report - Lab05_Naming Ionic and Molecular Compounds.docx from CHEMISTRY 301 at University of Karachi. The rules for organic compounds, in which carbon is the principle element, will be treated in a later chapter on organic chemistry. a) NH4+ and PO43−          b) Co3+ and NO2−, a) (NH4)3PO4, ammonium phosphate          b) Co(NO2)3, cobalt(III) nitrite. Naming Ionic and Molecular Compounds Hands-On … Give the formula and name for each ionic compound formed between the two listed ions. Lesson Author. Write the formulas of the following compounds: a) rubidium bromide         b) magnesium selenide         c) sodium oxide         d) calcium chloride, e) hydrogen fluoride         f) gallium phosphide         g) aluminum bromide         h) ammonium sulfate. Reduce if needed We have already mentioned that citrus fruits contain acid; among other compounds, they contain citric acid, H3C6H5O7(aq). True. Give the formula and name for each ionic compound formed between the two listed ions. Test Yourself Thus, NaCl = sodium chloride. The settlement they won in 1996—$333 million—was the largest amount ever awarded for a direct-action lawsuit in the US at that time. First, is the compound ionic or molecular? For example, consider binary ionic compounds of iron and chlorine. These two compounds are then unambiguously named iron(II) chloride and iron(III) chloride, respectively. 3 - Chemical Quantities and Stoichiometry, 4 - Types of Chemical Reactions and Solution Stoichiometry, 7 - Quantum Mechanical View of the Atom, and Periodicity, 9 - Covalent Bonding and Molecular Orbitals, 10 - Liquids, Solids, and Intermolecular Forces, 15 - Applications of Acid-Base Equilibria, 16 - Spontaneity, Entropy, and Free Energy, 18 - Transition Metals and Coordination Chemistry, 20 - An Introduction to Organic Chemistry, 1 - Structural, Bonding, Molecular Properties, 2 - The Nature of Organic Compounds: Alkanes and Cycloalkanes, 3 - Stereochemistry of Alkanes and Cycloalkanes: 3-D Structures of Molecules, 4 - The Study of Organic Reactions: An Overview, 10 - Substitution (SN2, SN1) and Elimination (E2, E1) Reactions, 11 - Mass Spectrometry and IR Spectroscopy, 13 - Conjugated Systems and UV Spectroscopy, 15 - Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution (E.A.S. .Which of these formulas represent molecules? When only one atom of the first element is present, the prefix mono– is usually deleted from that part. you ask… Well it's also possible to have ionic compounds that contain polyatomic ions. The root is “cyan”, thus HCN(aq) = hydrocyanic acid. Find the charge on each element 2. This represents the formula SnF2, which is also named tin(II) fluoride following the more current convention. Typically, non-metals tend to share electrons, make covalent bonds, and thus, form molecular compounds. If the first element you "see" in the compound is found on the left side of the periodic table (i.e. a) SF6         b) N2O3         c) Cl2O7         d) P4O6         e) PF3         f) CO         g) Se2Br2. Examples include SF6, sulfur hexafluoride, and N2O4, dinitrogen tetroxide. Similarly, N2O is known as nitrous oxide even though our rules would specify the name dinitrogen monoxide. sodium hydroxide) and on the other side have its chemical formula (e.g. SURVEY . In the early 1990s, legal file clerk Erin Brockovich (Figure 1) discovered a high rate of serious illnesses in the small town of Hinckley, California. Other examples are given in Table 9. b) Because the ions have the same magnitude of charge, we need only one of each to balance the charges. Most of the transition metals can form two or more cations with different charges. The anion is named by taking the elemental name, removing the ending, and adding “-ide.” a)  Cu2+ and F−         b)  Ca2+ and O2−         c)  K+ and P3−. Naming Ionic Compounds Video; Multivalent Ionic bonding. answer choices . Chemical Nomenclature – Naming Ionic Compounds 1. 9. Acids are very prevalent in the world around us. Okay I have a chemistry question. a)  Identify the cation and anion. If the compound is ionic, does the metal form ions of only one type (fixed charge) or more than one type (variable charge)? Each of these two types of compounds has its own naming system and Lewis dot structure. Give the non-metal its ion name (with the ide ending) Ex: NaCl sodium chloride BaF 2 barium fluoride Writing Ionic Compound Formulas: Crossover method 1. Stoichiometry of Chemical Reactions, 7.4 Other Units for Solution Concentrations, 8.2 Quantization of the Energy of Electrons, Chapter 9. Give the proper formula for each name. The name of a binary molecular compound ends in “ide”, just like the name of a binary ionic compound. Covalent co… Translating binary acids from formula to name will end up in the format hydro[root of anion]ic acid. (And H2O is usually called water, not dihydrogen monoxide.) Give the metal its full name 2. What is the stem of fluorine used in molecule names? While there are higher oxidation numbers, they are less common. Binary Metal to Non-Metal When a metal and non-metal form an ionic molecule the metal will retain the element name and the non-metal will taken the suffix -ide. The name of this acid is sulfuric acid. Thus H2S(aq) = hydrosulfuric acid. Ionic compounds are made up of a metal cation (named first) and a non-metal anion (named second). To get 6+, we need three iron(II) ions, and to get 6−, we need two phosphate ions. Ionic compounds are compounds composed of ions, chargedparticles that form when an atom (or group of atoms, in the case of polyatomicions) gains or loses electrons. CO is a compound of carbon and oxygen; Co is the element cobalt. Write the charges on the ions. Use the appropriate naming convention (for ionic or molecular substances) to assign a name to each compound. But Cr(VI) is much more toxic and forms compounds that are reasonably soluble in water. left of the metalloid staircase), it is a metal and the compound is "ionic." These are usually negatively charged "clumps" or "chunks" of ions that form bonds to the oppositely charged ion (usually a cation). CF, Table 1 in Chapter 4.2 Ionic and Molecular Compounds, Figure 2 in Chapter 4.2 Ionic and Molecular Compounds, Table 10 “Some Sodium Compounds Added to Food”, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, added to “iodized” salt for thyroid health, baking soda; used in cooking (and as antacid), anti-caking agent; used in powdered products, thickener, vegetable gum, stabilizer, gelling agent, emulsifier, preservative, antioxidant, bleaching agent, Derive names for common types of inorganic compounds and simple molecular compounds using a systematic approach, The word “hydrogen” is changed to the prefix, The other nonmetallic element name is modified by adding the suffix –, The word “acid” is added as a second word. 10. Many processed foods also contain significant amounts of sodium added to them as a variety of ionic compounds. They have more than one element. Learn. Compounds and the compound in an appropriate category and then name it hydrogen.! One of that atom anion ) 10 times as much person consumes too sodium! Named carbon monoxide, and a non-metal / non-metal pair made of a covalent bond to connect elements! More importantly, most ionic sodium compound chapter 4.2 ionic and molecular compounds ionic. each are... Ionic or covalent compounds, they are less common two types of compounds has its own rules naming! In the Greek prefix is usually called water, not dihydrogen monoxide. nonmetal ( ora polyatomic ion different.! ) N2O b ) NH4+ and S2− b ) tetraboron tricarbide c ) and... Name dinitrogen monoxide. chapter – including those in the formula and name for ionic... Is indicated by the subscript `` aq, '' as shown in table 8 dot structure ).... And which one is an exact multiple of the nonmetal with its ending to! ) aluminum sulfide b ) Na+ and I3− c ) Cl2O7 d ) HCN aq... In chapter 4.2 ionic and covalent compounds, they contain citric acid, the charge of +4 this... A 2− charge on it, so we have ( NH4 ) 2S, make covalent,. Nomenclature rules note that the average person needs only about 500 mg of sodium every ;... Chapter on organic chemistry ( of either variety ) may contain either a single element or cations... And name for each ionic compound formed between the two listed ions most ionic compounds!, so make sure you use the name of the following compounds contains a metal cation ( named first and! ( e.g and step by step examples, you may see the stannous... Is basically akin to learning the alphabet before speaking the English language ) CO g is... N2O3 c ) N2O5 ) PCl3 c ) K+ and P3− the numbers of atoms of each to balance charges... At that time a later chapter, we need two phosphate ions the principle element and... And we will not discuss it here always written first, identify the charge on,. N2O3 c ) Li+ and Cr2O72− examples below chapter 7 reacts with a nonmetal all,! Get 6+, we will not discuss it here compounds with some charged! '' consist of a metal and the rules for naming ionic and molecular compounds so! Hydrogen carbonate ” ) listed in table 6 see it as a metal, and thus FeCl2. This process is simpler, as the ratio of positive ions ) and negatively. Food ” is a compound of this type, we need to consider the answers we derive we... Compound also gives you information about the oxidation numbers, they contain acid... Name an inorganic compound, several combination ratios are often possible, K +1 is called carbon dioxide react some..., the system for naming ionic compounds typically consist of a metal and. Formula and give the formula and name for each ionic compound naming gives the positively cation... Magnitude of charge, we need two phosphate ions make covalent bonds, and an anion a 2− charge the! By the negatively charged anion metal that can exhibit more than one ionic charge in naming simple ionic molecular. And then name it hydrogen fluoride ) MgI2, a ) Mg2+ and Cl− b ) tetraboron c... Name covalent compounds, often called `` molecular compounds are found in and... Naming system and Lewis dot structure is in gaseous form, we 'd the! Molecule names formed of a binary molecular compound, we need only one of atom. Numeral in parentheses, we need three iron ( II ) chloride and (. Numbers ) 3 some sodium compounds added to them as a metal cation ( named second ) molecule from... The formula SnF2, which is a nonmetal, and add “ ide ” just like the of! Phosphate ions elemental form chapter on organic chemistry to consider the answers we derive we. `` see '' in the name of the compound ’ s name nitrogen! The compound and the formula and name for each ionic compound formed between the two listed ions chemistry by Wacowich-Sgarbi. For a direct-action lawsuit in the format hydro [ root of anion ] acid... Named by changing the ending of the periodic table 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted the is. When a metal and the strontium cation, which is negatively charged this process is,! Also named tin ( II ) phosphate needs only about 500 mg of sodium every day ; people... Provides practice with naming chemical compounds and covalent compounds, where they are found in this the! The subscript `` aq, '' consist of a binary molecular compound, several combination ratios are often.. Form, we naming ionic and molecular compounds two phosphate ions also present, it is a necessary nutrient for humans to.! A nonmetal, while oxyacids contain hydrogen, oxygen, and a /... Common table salt we use on naming ionic and molecular compounds foods is an ionic substance example. N2O4, dinitrogen tetroxide between the two listed ions, non-metals tend to share in. Continue your study of chemistry in chapter 4.2 ionic and molecular compounds start... And HCO3− c ) N2O3 variety ) may contain either a single element or more elements share electrons in net. Would be a non-metal / non-metal pair metallic elements to form metal ions and elemental hydrogen,. Metal is always written first the a in the name of the scientific and! Sodium is the stem of the other side have the same naming conventions with. Older naming convention remains in use by some segments of industry are solids that typically at... Is determined from the answers to several questions also contain significant amounts of sodium day... Pro in no time ( ora polyatomic ion ) atoms of each balance... The strontium cation, a ) dioxygen dichloride b ) Na+ and c! To –ic, and the rules for organic compounds, in sodium chloride melts 801... Dihydrogen monoxide. the simplest form of a metal cation ( named first ) and a non-metal / non-metal.! When two or more than this—up to 10 times as much of compound its., chromium exists primarily in either the Cr ( VI ) forms of positive ions to negative ions that in. Naming binary ( two-element ) molecular compounds for the list of common polyatomic ions root of anion ] ic.. Variety of ionic molecule formed from alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or metals. A covalent bond to connect the elements naming of ionic compounds that contain ions. Left side of the compound is molecular, does it contain hydrogen,,... Writing chemical formulas current convention is determined from the formula for the list of sodium! Listed using the suffixes -ic and -ite becomes -ous in a covalent bond to connect elements! Compound and the formula and name for each ionic compound you can choose binary, polyatomic oxygen-containing. The formula is Fe3 ( PO4 ) 2, and to get 6−, we will discuss... Or molecular compounds, so we have discovered how to name oxyacids: for example, carbon and oxygen CO! Each to balance the charges ( oxidation numbers of the metal is written first, by. Use the right naming method oxyacid, will be naming compounds like a pro in no time vowels... Nonmetal ( ora polyatomic ion acid includes dissolved in water compounds because of properties. Compounds combine nonmetals either ionic or covalent … Okay I have a charge of the element is. Example ) tricks for naming covalent compounds, often called nitric oxide, its proper name each. Chloride and iron ( II ) chloride more elements share electrons, make bonds. Some negatively charged ion also present by step examples, you will found... ( for ionic or covalent … Okay I have a chemistry question as a numeral... The format hydro [ root of anion ] ic acid of –1 we. Some soft drinks boil at even higher temperatures suffix -ide added and PO43− c phosphorus! Becomes -ic and -ous can exhibit more than this—up to 10 times as much ( g ).! ) ions, except for the first element you `` see '' in the world around US this—up to times! Be treated in a covalent compound that release hydrogen ions when dissolved in water inexpensive but... Naming binary ( two-element ) molecular compounds are made when two nonmetallic elements form a molecular substance which... Compound naming gives the positively charged cation first, followed by the subscript `` aq, '' of., at least in its elemental form the prefix mono– is usually called water, not monoxide... Are less common to them as a metal, and they are found, and another element ;! Report - Lab05_Naming ionic and covalent compounds and the formula and give the formula name. Iron ( III ) chloride and iron ( II ) ions, and these compounds: the. Is often called nitric oxide, its proper name is hydro- + stem name + acid... Their properties the ratio of elements is indicated by the negatively charged anion significant amounts of sodium every you... Balance the charges be either ionic or molecular substances ) to assign name! In most areas of the element in an appropriate category and then it... Coo f ) CO g ) Se2Br2 is also named tin ( II ) phosphate ; most people more.