veeam failed to retrieve certificate from

Community Edition B2 Repository : Veeam Certificate validation failed. KB3094: Scale-out Backup Repository ... - Veeam Software Filezilla Ftp Over Tls Is Not Enabled .DESCRIPTION. Any suggestion to get this fixed.. Last edited: Mar 29, 2016. But from what I have read in order to use it you need to have gfs enabled for your backup copy job to the cloud connect partner and this can add up a lot in cloud storage costs since you will at least double your storage needs. Specify Network Settings - Veeam Cloud Connect Guide. Repeat the step to use "single-use credential" again. Error: The remote certificate is invalid according to the validation process" on some my replication jobs between two our vCenter servers and Veeam BR couldn't validate our target vCenter server certificate. Veeam Agent failing to back up to Synology NAS - Invalid ... Error while opening blob containers. Local storage with ... To avoid any further issues on the ESX, ensure that latest SSL certificates are available on ESX. Failed to generate points Error: Cloud gate has rejected connection. IOException: Failed to validate a server certificate. Problem solved. Retry the installation. As you can check in the next image, all VMs have only one restore point available. A dialog comes up. Veeam Users: Update your self-signed certificate : sysadmin Once complete, remove sudo right from veeam account. Step 3. Apr 1, 2016 #2 If you think it's a client issue, I would suggest you to start by removing the client, doing a WMI rebuild, and . KB2566: Veeam Agent for Microsoft Windows deployment fails ... For more information on certificate processes, please refer to your SSL certificate provider. This is easily solved. ; At the Certificate Type step of the wizard, choose Import certificate from a file. The backup is with agent because is a physical server. After Veeam removes all corrupted files, the only available restore point was the initial Full Backup. certificate verification failed. I'm pretty sure it is a cert issue on their side but I wanted to see if anyone else is seeing issues. Click Browse and select the necessary VBM or VBK file. Veeam Availability Console (VAC) License Usage Report. To disable Amazon S3 certificate revocation verification, create the following registry value on the configured Amazon S3 gateway server and the Veeam Backup Server: Key Location: HKLM\SOFTWARE\Veeam\Veeam Backup and Replication Value Name: S3TLSRevocationCheck Value Type: DWORD (32-Bit) Value Value Data: 0. Growing the active storage volume in your account without actually being able to use those old versioned copies in Veeam. Warning: Make sure the above paths, file names and extensions are fully correct. [SOLVED] Veeam - Failed to login to (IP address) by SOAP ... Press Find Now. Check for the thumbprint by double-clicking the certificate > Details tab > scroll down to Thumbprint. Please renew the expired certificate. For example, to view the certificate chain of the Veeam Agent for Microsoft Windows version 5.0 installer, run the following command on the Veeam . Share. The above commands simply create a hostname.pem file by merging your host's private key and its certificate. Import certificate to storage explorer by clicking edit -> ssl certificates -> import certificates, then restart storage explorer; Right click on storage accounts -> connect to azure storage -> use connection string Unless this is true. ; If you already have a credentials record that was configured in advance, select such a record from the drop-down list. Looking at the Public Cloud logs ("C:\ProgramData\Veeam\Backup\Satellites\*server*\*u_name*\Agent.PublicCloud.Satellite.log") I noticed that there was the following entry: "WinHTTP proxy is used for internet access.". Veeam Backup Server was not able to connect to Microsoft PKI site to check Certificate. Copy and install the exported certificate on the new VAC . Then the permission is set to 600. Veeam - Can't get service content. In this article. - Rename cert.pem to public.crt and key.pem to private.key. ; At the Import Certificate step of the . You can choose between two network modes: direct mode or NAT mode. Step #5: Failed To Retrieve Directory Listing (Explicit FTP over TLS) This could be caused by cluster failover during backup or insufficient disk space on the volume. If you're running an Exchange 2016 database availability group, and one of the DAG members fails, you can recover the DAG member to restore the high availability of your Exchange mailbox databases.Providing that your DAG is healthy and configured correctly, your remaining DAG member(s) should be able to maintain service availability while you perform the recovery. security certificate free download. The job seems to ultimately get through on reattempts but it's annoying to get these errors and investigate each one. The saturdays run a full backup, (this is that fails) Must we run the incremental (the last is of the friday 15/05), or try . If you're using Veeam, there's a good chance your self-signed certificate expires in early January. Veeam Agent failing to back up to Synology NAS - Invalid Signature. Error: bad allocation Failed to upload disk. Hello, it is very interesting for us. Proceed to add the repo. The certificate is used for secure connection between backup agent and mount server. When there is a new certificate you will be prompted an you can install it. beginning of the month. 1. By default, port 6180 is used. Post reboot, the Certificate Services of Issuing CA will fail to start as when it tries to retrieve Root CA CRL to verify its own cert chain, the verify operation fails. If you wanted to read the SSL certificates off this blog you could issue the following command, all on one line: openssl s_client -showcerts -servername lonesysadmin.net -connect lonesysadmin.net:443 < /dev/null. Unable to retrieve next block transmission command. To import a backup to the Veeam Backup & Replication console: On the Home tab, click Import Backup. I found a solution for resolving invalid remote certificate that I want to share it with you. 18. This can happen for multi-tier PKI infra where the Root CA is mostly offline and Root CA CRL has expired. The SMS_SERVER_BOOTSTRAP_CONFIGMGR01 service failed to start due to the following error: The service did not respond to the start or control request in a timely fashion. Server Protocol Key: Select your X. ; At the Certificate Type step of the wizard, choose Select certificate from the Certificate . For this reason, currently we encourage customers who are using Veeam for their backups to disable the versioning feature. 2. To select a certificate from the Microsoft Windows Certificate store: Open the Cloud Connect view. How to separate access at a Bucket level. Choose your VMware ESXi Server, right click, and select properties. 0 Followers Follow. Since that the Veeam backupjobs fail with the error: Task failed error: The remote certificate is invalid according to the validation procedure. sudo usermod -a -G sudo veeam. Open the Veeam Backup & Replication console on the VCC server and find out what certificate is currently in use: 2. You can also right-click the Cloud Connect node in the inventory pane and select Manage certificates. The above commands simply create a hostname.pem file by merging your host's private key and its certificate. If the system does not have access to Windows Update, either because the system is not connected to the Internet or because Windows Update is blocked by firewall rules, the network retrieval times out before the service can continue its startup procedure. Veeam Support engineers are only able to assist with isolation of certificate problems. The backup destination was a Synology NAS dedicated for backups running DSM 6.1.5-15254 Update 1 (most current version at the time of writing this). This script will return VAC point in time license usage that will be. As you can check in the next image, all VMs have only one restore point available. Wondering if anyone has run into this and had it resolved. This round you can proceed to install Veeam Transport and Data Mover. In this case you'll get a whole bunch of stuff back: CONNECTED (00000003) depth=2 O = Digital Signature Trust Co., CN = DST Root CA X3. ; Click the Cloud Connect node in the inventory pane and click Manage Certificates in the working area. Follow this answer to receive notifications. Here you will find the solution for this issue: We only wont to use it within our local LAN. How do I create a billing-only sub-user? 1 serverKeyName Save and close the 'hosts' file. Not breaking the Veeam chain in the local DB index 2. You can also right-click the Cloud Connect node in the inventory pane and select Manage certificates. Performed netsh winhttp reset proxy from CMD and my problem was resolved! - Put them both to C:\Users\<Username>\.minio\certs\. There click on finish. nearly identical to the VAC monthly usage report generated at the. If you want to keep backups from being interrupted, perhaps while you're still on vacation due to the holidays, I suggest looking to verify you're affected by this bug and update your certificate. Veeam insider protection via cloud connect is a great feature. In the Saved Certificates section, click Help and follow instructions to either create a private (self-signed) certificate, or to upload a certificate purchased from a trusted CA. once veeam backup server was able to check the certificate, it worked. You can also right-click the Cloud Connect node in the inventory pane and select Manage certificates. In the Service endpoint field, specify a service endpoint address of your Azure Data Box device. Cause. 2 allows local users to change the permissions of arbitrary files, and consequently gain privileges, by blocking the removal of a certain directory that contains a control . 2 is fully integrated into Veeam Backup & Replication 9. Das Abbild speichern Sie. Staff member. Stay Connected. Home Tags Certificate. Veeam backup server - a Windows-based physical or virtual machine where Veeam Backup & Replication is installed. The following is a list of issues resolved in Veeam Backup for Microsoft Office 365 4b: After an upgrade from Veeam Backup for Microsoft Office 365 version 4a to version 4b synchronization between the Proxy and Archiver services fails because of object storage repository status check. What ended up being the issue was that the server was not resolving the proper IP address for the storage account (yourstorageaccountname.blob.core.windows.net). ; In the Port field, specify the port over which the tenant Veeam backup server will communicate with the cloud gateway. Sort by date Sort by votes Prajwal Desai Forum Owner. The Veeam Backup Validator can be found in the installation folder for Veeam Backup & Replication. From the Computer list, select the server on which the backup you want to import is stored. Error: The remote certificate is invalid according to the validation process" on some my replication jobs between two our vCenter servers and Veeam BR couldn't validate our target vCenter server certificate. Therefore I didn't got a IP address. Choose your VMware ESXi Server, right click, and select properties. Tag: Certificate. I have the same thing setup on my TruNAS with this B2 bucket and it authenticates. Veeam Failed to create a persistent connection Veeam Backup . To learn more, see Importing Certificates from Certificate Store. Do I need to create an new App Key for Veeam as well? Improve this answer. The value violates the validation rule for the field or record. Veeam Support is unable to assist in generating, altering, importing, exporting, or installing SSL certificates. In the DNS name or IP address field, enter a full DNS name or IP address of the cloud gateway. After Veeam removes all corrupted files, the only available restore point was the initial Full Backup. 576965 Agent health cannot repair remote control service on win10 device. Step 3. ; Click the Cloud Connect node in the inventory pane and click Manage Certificates in the working area. Adding an S3 Compatible repository fails with failed to retrieve certificate. go to backup infrastructure. 0 - Disable Revocation Check If you select the VBM file, the import process will be notably faster. Number of already processed blocks: [1976059]. To import a TLS certificate from a PFX file: Open the Cloud Connect view. The backups were not completing, and in . Greetings Klaus Code: Select all. hello, before i raise the ticket with Veeam, out of the blue this week two of my veeam servers on my network can't connect to wasabisys.com. At the Service Provider step of the wizard, specify settings for the cloud gateway that the SP has provided to you.. Community Edition B2 Repository. Our current VMware vSphere Environment (playground) doesn't support DHCP. So it means that all incremental were corrupt, or files were deleted (for example, 2 and 3 from our Incremental initial image). The network configuration does not allow direct internet access for Veeam components. KeyVault's secret is a key stored in protected. Workaround, temporary add 'veeam' to sudo group. - When launching minio server, you should see the protocol of your . Perform Backup Verification Using Veeam Data Labs; Infrastructure Report Using Veeam One September (1) August (2) July (3) June (6) May (8) April (1) March (4) February (2) January (3) Reason: Unable to establish target connection. 0 Subscribers Subscribe - Advertisement - . On the dialog box, set Contains to 'azure' and Look in Field to 'Issued To'. "Task Failed. Veeam Failed to create a persistent connection Veeam . . A required certificate is not within its validity period when verifying against the current system clock or the timestamp in the signed file. View blame. Failed to Retrieve License When Backup Using Veeam. Run the certmgr command from the cmd, find the certificate in question and export it with the private key: 3. At the Networking step of the wizard, select the network mode that will be used by the cloud gateway to communicate with Veeam backup servers on tenants' side. Unable to retrieve next block transmission command. About Failed Veeam Agent To Validate Certificate Remote Windows . At the Account step of the wizard, specify the connection settings:. The following is a list of common causes. How to make specific file types public using bucket policies. Stay Connected. How do I check egress for my wasabi account? Daily Tips What does the yellow arrow mean on Windows DHCP Server. Improve this answer. To select a certificate from the Microsoft Windows Certificate store: Open the Cloud Connect view. There click on finish. For details, see Changing Veeam Service Provider Console Web UI Certificate. 5480 IPsec Policy Agent failed to get the complete list of network interfaces on the computer. In Veeam. Provide License File; Step 4. <#. Create Certificate File for pure-ftpd. So the other day I added a new Windows managed server to Veeam and as usual I came across some errors and issues that had to be resolved, and some tips on what too look out for to resolve them. This section lists errors of security certificate validation on the Veeam Service Provider Console management agent: ID 600: NotTimeValid. Since we are using a proxy server to access the Internet, we found that WinHTTP settings were not properly configured on Microsoft Windows machines with Veeam backup infrastructure components. DPM failed to run the operation because it could not retrieve the ownership information for the targeted computer. Run the vcenter and simple, but veeam failed to get certificate from vcenter webpage, nstant recovery write back at boot time i created the new certificate of the necessary values. Hostinger Ftp Filezilla Download. Renew the host certificate as suggested in the following screenshot: If the issue persists, migrate all the virtual machines to another ESX; reboot the old ESX to retrieve the latest certificate from the vCenter. In the Key Type section, select Exchange. PowerShell: Retrieve password last set from AD User. Specify Network Settings. 0 Followers Follow. It's odd to me that a new install of Veeam (without any previous Veeam products ever installed) doesn't work. 1 (when . Step #5: Failed To Retrieve Directory Listing (Explicit FTP over TLS) Unless you modify your server settings, you will get this error: In the DNS name or IP address field, enter a full DNS name or IP address of the cloud gateway. sudo deluser veeam sudo. A: Veeam's Scale-out Backup Repository is a software object. Agent failed to process method {DataTransfer.SyncDisk}. ; Click the Cloud node in the inventory pane and click Manage Certificates in the working area. You should be able to see a list of certificates. 21,989 Fans Like. However, in our case, we had all of the necessary certificate authorities. All aliases have failed.. We always got the message: "Failed to retrieve certificate from ….." How we can tell Veeam 11 the Certificate exception? Exception from server: Connection was forcibly closed. Note: It is strongly recommended to address this issue by using a trusted certificate. Import the certificate manually following the steps below: 1. I thought that proxy server specified in the azure blob storage repository would do all the needed connections. Override Process Mitigation Options to help enforce app-related security policies. By default, port 6180 is used. Set fast clone on XFS. ; From the Credentials drop-down list, select user credentials to access your Azure Data Box storage. This issue occurs because of an inability to retrieve trusted and untrusted certificate trust lists (CTLs). Failed to retrieve MP certificate authentication information over http. 3,718 442 183. Failed to retrieve Certificate from wasabisys. Rod-IT wrote: If this is ESXi 6 (and it would have been nice to know at the start) are you on patch 2 for Veeam B&R, without it ESXi 6 is not supported, hence your API error go to backup infrastructure. To start using the signed certificate, you must select it from the certificates store on the Veeam Backup & Replication server. On the Veeam server navigate to C:\ProgramData\Microsoft\Crypto\RSA\. DPM failed to access the volume <VolumeName> on <AgentTargetServer>. Thus, Veeam Backup & Replication creates a pool of storage devices, summarizing their capacity and increasing their performance when set properly. At the Service Provider step of the wizard, specify settings for the cloud gateway that the SP has provided to you.. I found a solution for resolving invalid remote certificate that I want to share it with you. We have however a problem with the Certificate of the Qnap. You'll find cert.pem and key.pem files generated in the same directory where generate_cert.go is. Solution. Install CM2103-KB10216365.ConfigMgr.Update.exe from the SCCM server to make the KB10216365 available. Retry the operation later. "Task Failed. It is a logical entity that groups multiple "simple" repositories (see above) into one abstract repository. 2040. ; At the Certificate Type step of the wizard, choose Select certificate from the Certificate . In the Certificate Properties window, click the Private Key tab. Thanks for your Tips. 21,989 Fans Like. In Veeam. Failed to download dis k. We have Veeam Backup and replication. Why do I receive "Failed to disable backup immutability:S3 Versioning feature is enabled on selected bucket" with Veeam B&R? Veeam Backup for Office 365 v4 Tue, May 12 2020. Then the permission is set to 600. Tag: SSL Certificate. Daily Tips Veeam Users: Update your self-signed certificate. 3 Enterprise Agents were run in parallel. Now Self-signed certificates are automatically renewed every 12 months by your Veeam Server but due to a bug introduced in v9.5 U3a, the Veeam Backup Service will still have old information about the obsolete certificate even after a new self-signed certificate is automatically generated. A dialog comes up. Number of already processed blocks: [43994]. Veeam Failed to create a persistent connection Veeam Backup. Re: problems adding azure blob storage account. Grant Everyone 'Full Control'. I came across a Windows Server 2016 VM that had Veeam Agent installed for backups. The SAP Hana Express Image is configured default to DHCP. To rebuild a failed content index we first need to stop the search services on the Exchange server. With failed to retrieve certificate netsh winhttp reset proxy from cmd and my problem was!! Winhttp reset proxy from cmd and my problem was resolved egress for my wasabi account your VMware ESXi server right... From cmd and my problem was resolved will communicate with the private key: 3 tab and select properties check! Folder for Veeam as well was resolved proxy from cmd and my problem was resolved unable to assist generating... Manage certificates in the inventory pane and select Manage certificates in the name! Import the certificate & gt ; scroll down to thumbprint... < /a > Veeam! Keyvault & # x27 ; t get service content VBK file check.... Prompted an you can also right-click the Cloud Connect node in the inventory veeam failed to retrieve certificate from click! Failed - Spiceworks < /a > step 2 the working area > IOException: failed to validate server! By votes Prajwal Desai Forum Owner Windows-based physical or virtual machine where Veeam Backup & amp ; Replication..: retrieve password last set from AD User add & # x27 Veeam... A problem with the Cloud Connect node in the working area agent and server. Trusted and untrusted certificate trust lists ( CTLs ), and select properties remove sudo from! You must select it from the credentials drop-down list when launching minio server, right click on MachineKeys and veeam failed to retrieve certificate from... The installation folder for Veeam as well will be '' http: //www.teimouri.net/invalid-remote-certificate/ '' step! Have a credentials record that was configured in advance, select such a record the! Minio server, right click, and select properties and the select the necessary VBM or VBK file cmd my! ; from the certificates store on the volume & lt ; VolumeName & gt ; on & lt VolumeName. Href= '' https: //helpcenter.veeam.com/docs/backup/cloud/cloud_connect_sp_settings.html '' > SSL certificate Archives - MSNOOB < /a > Veeam - can & x27. Certificates & gt ; scroll down to thumbprint last edited: Mar 29, 2016 of your to configure static... Repository fails with failed to access your Azure Data Box storage what does the yellow arrow on! For this reason, currently we encourage customers who are using Veeam for their backups to disable the feature... Simple & quot ; repositories ( see above ) into one abstract repository yellow arrow mean Windows. Storage volume in your account without actually being able to use those old versioned copies in Veeam any further on! Or the timestamp in the inventory pane and select Manage certificates in the area... Have a credentials record that was configured in advance, select such a record from the drop-down list select. For secure connection between Backup agent and mount server https: //www.msnoob.com/tag/certificate '' > step 2 KB3094 Scale-out... Store on the VCC server and find out what certificate is not its! Vsphere Environment ( playground ) doesn & # x27 ; s secret is a key stored protected. Mar 29, 2016 ( see above ) into one abstract repository Veeam for their backups to disable versioning. ; ipaddress & quot ; again certificate Archives - MSNOOB < /a > in.! A static IP address of the Cloud Connect Guide < /a > Workaround, temporary add #! A href= '' https veeam failed to retrieve certificate from //www.msnoob.com/tag/ssl-certificate '' > step 3 stored in protected node! Availability Console ( VAC ) License usage that will be the validation rule for the by... To disable the versioning feature Security policies that the server was not able to check certificate! Failed to get this fixed.. last edited: Mar 29, 2016 chain in the inventory and! Veeam certificate... < /a > Veeam - can & # x27 ; and install exported... Minio server, you should be able to use & quot ; specify the Port which... Next image, all VMs have only one restore point available select the VBM file, the process! Local storage with... < /a > certificate Archives - MSNOOB < /a > Veeam - can & x27! We have however a veeam failed to retrieve certificate from with the private key and its certificate a logical entity that multiple. Can & # x27 ; hosts & # x27 ; lists ( CTLs ) Veeam Support is unable to in!, file names and extensions are fully correct that i want to import the using! Certificate Provider ; to sudo group to import the certificate & gt ; identical to the VAC usage. When verifying against the current system clock or the timestamp in the working area is! By merging your host & quot ; repositories ( see above ) into one abstract repository process will notably. Override process Mitigation Options to help enforce app-related Security policies or virtual machine Veeam! Refer to your SSL certificate Provider errors of Security certificate validation on the Veeam Backup for Office 365 v4,! Ssl certificate Provider lists errors of Security certificate validation failed growing the active storage volume your! Machinekeys and select properties public.crt and key.pem files generated in the DNS name IP... The above commands simply create a hostname.pem file by merging your host quot. 12 2020 on MachineKeys and select Manage certificates in the Port over which the Veeam... My wasabi account importing certificates from certificate store lists errors of Security certificate validation failed Settings... Up being the issue was that the server on which the tenant Backup... ; on & lt ; AgentTargetServer & gt ; on & lt ; AgentTargetServer & gt ; certificates. Next image, all VMs have only one restore point available in:. Http: //www.teimouri.net/invalid-remote-certificate/ '' > step 2 see a list of network interfaces on the ESX, that! And Replication any causes, or installing SSL certificates are available on ESX netsh winhttp reset from... //Www.Msnoob.Com/Tag/Ssl-Certificate '' > SSL certificate Provider launching minio server, you should be able check. Node in the inventory pane and click Manage certificates in the working area found in the area... Report generated At the May 12 2020 index 2 information on certificate processes please! Point in time License veeam failed to retrieve certificate from that will be notably faster copy and install the exported certificate on the VCC and... My problem was resolved vSphere Environment ( playground ) doesn & # ;. Invalid remote certificate that i want to share veeam failed to retrieve certificate from with you your SSL certificate Archives MSNOOB. Not breaking the Veeam Backup & amp ; Replication Console on the volume & ;... ; again used for secure connection between Backup agent and mount server please to! Are using Veeam for their backups to disable the versioning feature to the... Will return VAC point in time License usage Report once complete, remove sudo from! Backup failed - Spiceworks < /a > Workaround, temporary add & # ;... ( see above ) into one abstract repository tab & gt ; trusted.! This reason, currently we encourage customers who are using Veeam for their backups disable. Notably faster ll find cert.pem and key.pem to private.key usage Report generated At the certificate not! 365 v4 Tue, May 12 2020 User credentials to access your Azure Data storage. Wasabi account Control Panel, choose import certificate from a file t got a IP of. ; Replication server, the import process will be ; click the Cloud Guide! Notably faster ( yourstorageaccountname.blob.core.windows.net ) and Data Mover ; hosts & # x27 ; Veeam #! //Zewwy.Ca/Index.Php/2020/09/15/Veeam-Cant-Get-Service-Content-Soap-Fault/ '' > step 2: //www.teimouri.net/invalid-remote-certificate/ '' > certificate Archives - MSNOOB < /a > View blame multiple quot! Lt ; AgentTargetServer & gt ; details tab & gt ; egress for my wasabi account Control! Enter a full DNS name or IP address field, enter a full DNS name or IP address,. Integrated into Veeam Backup install the exported certificate on the new VAC > certificate Archives - MSNOOB < >. //Www.Msnoob.Com/Tag/Ssl-Certificate '' > step 3 to Microsoft PKI site to check certificate validity period when verifying against the system! And the select the server was not able to see a list of certificates issue was that server!, May 12 2020: failed to access your Azure Data Box storage with veeam failed to retrieve certificate from to a. Db index 2 does the yellow arrow mean on Windows DHCP server that latest certificates! To any causes CTLs ) when verifying against the current system clock or the timestamp in the file! Credential & quot ; again wasabi account DNS name or IP address for field! Bucket and it authenticates where generate_cert.go is as well credentials drop-down list, select the VBM file, the process... ; veeam failed to retrieve certificate from secret is a new certificate you will be fixed.. last edited Mar! Is with agent because is a logical entity that groups multiple & quot ; Options help. Ui certificate to download dis k. we have however a problem with Cloud! Ca went through a reboot due to any causes reboot due to causes! On the Veeam Backup and Replication sort by votes Prajwal Desai Forum Owner remote Control service win10! Netsh winhttp reset proxy from cmd and my problem was resolved process will be prompted an you can also the! ; Veeam & # x27 ; ll find cert.pem and key.pem files generated in the pane! Information on certificate processes, please refer to your SSL certificate Archives - MSNOOB < /a > certificate on! Adding an S3 Compatible repository fails with failed to validate a server.. Of your Software < /a > in Veeam B2 bucket and it authenticates &! One abstract repository set from AD User is with agent because is new... Not repair remote Control service on win10 device PKI site to check the certificate ; file recommended to this. Trunas with this B2 bucket and it authenticates a logical entity that groups multiple & quot ; above commands create...